Seek medical attention
If hemorrhoids have not been diagnosed before, it is recommended to seek medical attention when the following conditions occur:
Perianal pain;
Bleeding after a bowel movement;
A lump or bump in the anal area.
If hemorrhoids have been diagnosed before, and if conservative treatment at home does not improve, it is recommended to seek medical attention. Since bleeding is also a typical manifestation of rectal cancer or anal cancer, if people over 40 years old have bleeding with changes in stool characteristics, it is recommended to seek medical attention in time, and do digital anal examination and colonoscopy if necessary.
If you experience heavy rectal bleeding or dizziness, please see a doctor or call 120 immediately.
Diagnose based on
Hemorrhoids are mainly diagnosed through physical examination. External hemorrhoids can be diagnosed by observing the perianal area. Internal hemorrhoids need anoscopy.
When other diseases are suspected, further examinations are required to identify them.
Treatment department
General surgery, gastrointestinal surgery and anorectal surgery.
Related inspections
Digital rectal examination
After the doctor puts on finger cots or gloves, dip his index finger into the lubricant and extend it from the anus into the rectum, and touch the inner wall of the rectum to find out whether there are bulges or vegetation. If no mass is found on the digital rectal examination and no bulge is found, an anoscopy is recommended to the patient to better observe the inner wall of the rectum.
Colonoscopy or anoscopy
For people over the age of 40, if there are related symptoms and risk factors for colorectal cancer, flexible electronic colonoscopy can be considered to rule out colorectal polyps, inflammation or cancer.
Differential diagnosis
When defecation is bloody, in addition to hemorrhoids, anal fissure, isolated rectal ulcer syndrome, rectal polyps, rectal prolapse, proctitis, colon cancer, rectal cancer and anal cancer can also cause the symptoms. Anal itching may be caused by other anorectal diseases (such as anal abscess, anal fissure and anal fistula, etc.) or perianal pruritus.
Anal fissure: It is a common anal laceration, the main manifestations are constipation, blood in the stool and periodic pain. It can be identified by anal inspection.
Anal fistula: short for anorectal fistula, it refers to the abnormal duct around the anus. It is usually the late stage disease of the abscess around the anorectal ulceration or the drainage of the incision, which can be identified by inspection of the anus (usually occurs in the sacrococcyx).
Isolated rectal ulcer syndrome: It is a gastrointestinal disorder caused by a benign ulcer on the front wall of the rectum. The main characteristics are constipation, thinning of the stool, blood in the stool, pus and blood in the stool, and rectal ulcer. Endoscopy and/or pathology are usually required to confirm the diagnosis.
Rectal polyps: tumors protruding from the colorectal cavity, divided into neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps. Diagnosis mainly relies on digital rectal examination and colonoscopy. If rectal polyps are found, most of them are multiple, so full colonoscopy should be done.
Rectal prolapse: refers to a disease in which the anal canal and rectum turn out and come out of the anus.
Proctitis: refers to all inflammations that occur in the rectum. Common manifestations include anal falling sensation, diarrhea, tenesmus, bloody stools, mucous stools, or mucous bloody stools. Sometimes examinations such as endoscopy and/or pathology are required.
Colon cancer: more common in middle-aged. The main manifestations of right colon cancer are generally anemia, chronic poisoning symptoms and abdominal masses. The main manifestations of the left colon are intestinal obstruction, defecation disorders and bloody stools. Endoscopy and/or pathology are usually required to confirm the diagnosis.
Rectal cancer: There may be blood in the stool, mixed with mucus, changes in bowel habits and tenesmus, etc., and chronic intestinal obstruction may occur in the late stage. Endoscopy and/or pathology are usually required to confirm the diagnosis.
Anal abscess: mainly acute onset, pain, swelling, lumps around the anus, accompanied by different degrees of fever.
Perianal pruritus: refers to the intractable and chronic itching of the perianal skin without any primary skin damage. Repeated scratching can cause thickening or chapped skin around the anus.
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