The complete RFID system consists of three parts: Reader, Tag and data management system.
1. About the reader
The reader is a device that reads the information in the tag or writes the information that the tag needs to store into the tag. Depending on the structure and technology used, the reader can be a read/write device, which is the information control and processing center of the RFID system. When the RFID system is working, the reader sends radio frequency energy in an area to form an electromagnetic field, and the size of the area depends on the transmit power. The tag in the coverage area of the reader is triggered to send the data stored in it, or modify the data stored in it according to the instructions of the reader, and can communicate with the computer network through the interface. The basic composition of the reader usually includes: transceiver antenna, frequency generator, phase-locked loop, modulation circuit, microprocessor, memory, demodulation circuit and peripheral interface composition.
(1) Transceiver antenna: Send radio frequency signals to the tag, and receive the response signal and tag information returned by the tag.
(2) Frequency generator: Generates the operating frequency of the system.
(3) Phase-locked loop : Generate the required carrier signal.
(4) Modulation circuit: Load the signal sent to the tag to the carrier wave and send it out by the radio frequency circuit.
(5) Microprocessor : Generates the signal to be sent to the label, decodes the signal returned by the label, and sends the decoded data back to the application program. If it is an encrypted system, a decryption operation is also required.
(6) Memory : store user programs and data.
(7) Demodulation circuit: demodulate the signal returned by the tag and deliver it to the microprocessor for processing.
(8) Peripheral interface: to communicate with the computer.
2. About electronic tags
The electronic tag consists of a transceiver antenna, AC/DC circuit, demodulation circuit, logic control circuit, memory and modulation circuit.
(1) Transceiver antenna: Receive the signal from the reader and send the required data back to the reader.
(2) AC/DC circuit: Utilize the electromagnetic field energy emitted by the reader, output by the voltage regulator circuit to provide a stable power supply for other circuits.
(3) Demodulation circuit: Remove the carrier from the received signal and demodulate the original signal.
(4) Logic control circuit: decode the signal from the reader, and send back the signal according to the requirements of the reader.
(5) Memory : As a location for system operation and storage of identification data.
(6) Modulation circuit: The data sent by the logic control circuit is loaded to the antenna and sent to the reader after the modulation circuit.
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